Different types of non-verbal communication

Different symbols of non-verbal communication

Briefly discuss different types of non-verbal communication.

Or,

Briefly discuss different symbols of non-verbal communication.

We can express our feelings by our facial expression, eye movement, body movement of simply by touching others. So it can be observed that there are different types of non-verbal communication

Types of Non-Verbal communication
At a Glance
Facial expressions Tone and volume of voice (Paralanguage) Body language Gestures	Personal appearance Touching behavior Time language Space and distance Silence .

Fig- 1 : Different facial expressions
1. Facial expressions :
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Face is the index of mind. It tells us what is happening within a man. Facial expression, especially movements of eyes have different meanings. Happiness, Sorrow, Fear and all types of emotion can be expressed through our face and eyes.

2. Tone and Volume of voice ( Paralanguage ) :
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Different tone of voice can create different meanings of same word. In the words of lesikar and Pettit, “Paralanguage involves how we say something. “Thus our interest or boredom, happiness or sorrow or any other attitudes can be expressed through pattern of voice.

3. Body language :
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One of the major types of non-verbal communication is body language or ‘Kinesics’. We can also communicate our inner feeling through body movements. Not only by face and eyes but we can also convey message by moving our hands, by shaking our shoulders or by nodding our head.

4. Gestures :
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Gesture is also a body movement but is a deliberate body movement to convey a specific message. Gestures include movements of the arms, legs, hands and head.
Example : By waving our hands we express ‘good-bye’; by shaking our head from side to side we express “we do not know”.

5. Personal appearance:
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Personal appearance includes our clothing, our grooming and our consciousness to styles. It projects our self images to others. A person’s social status and attitude expressed through his / her personal appearance.

Type of touch	Meaning
Pat on the back or on the arm    > Slapping    > Touching head by fingers (in subcontinent) >	To support others opinion or Boostup Morale To express anger To bless or to express goodwill .

6. Touching behavior :
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Touching is an effective non-verbal communication tool. Different ‘touch’ bear different meanings, for example.

7. Time language :
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There is an old saying, “Time is money” – in modern business culture time is really important. By using our own attitude towards time we can convey specific message. For example, in our country sometimes some high officials show their importance by making other people wait for them. We can also demonstrate our eagerness or positive attitude by arriving at time.

8. Space and distance :
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Space and distance are also meaningful non-verbal communication technique. Two colleagues of same rank can sit side by side in an office or even can walk keeping and in hand but a subordinate has to maintain a specific distance from his boss. Thus space end distance between different individuals indicate their position and relationship among them.

9. Silence :
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Like other types of non-verbal communication a complete silence also can transmit our inner view of mind. Both positive and negative attitude can be expressed through silence.

Related Post Link:

http://businessforcommunication.blogspot.com/2011/09/different-style-letterformats-of-letter.html

Finally it can be revealed that different types of non-verbal communication are indispensable part of our life.

Different style a letter,formats of a letter

Formats of a letter,Different style a letter

Briefly discuss different style or formats of a letter

Style/Formats of letters:
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There are different styles or formats of letter.
1. Full block format
2. Modified block
3. Semi block
4. AMS simplified

1. Full block Format:
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Here all elements of a letter begin at the left margin. This format can save typing time and reduced typing errors. Full block format is as follows:

Full Block Style

12 to 14 lines from top of the page 4 to 10 lines below Double space Double space Double space Double space 4 lines of space Double space

Date line Inside address …………………………….. …………………………….. Salutation: …………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………….. Complimentary  close Name / Title Initials Encl, CC:

Fig.-7: Full Block Style.

2. Modified Block:
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The modified block style is more balanced in its graphic layout than the full block format. In this case each part of the letter begins at the left margin except the date, complementary close and signature block.

Modified block style is illustrated in the following figure:

Modified Block Style

12 to 14 lines from top of the page 4 to 10 lines below date line Double space Double space Double space Indent to Double space

Date line Inside address ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… Salutation: ……………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………............ ………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………. Complimentary close                           Name                         Title Initials Encls. CC:

Double space 4 lines of space

Fig -08: Modified block style.

3. Semi block format/Indented paragraph format:
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The main difference between modified block style and semi block style is, in semiblock format paragraphs are indented. Semiblock format is less formal and basically used for personal messages:

Semiblock format is as follows:

Semiblock style

12 to 14 lines form top of the page 4 to 10 lines below date line Double space Double space Indent 5 space for paragraph Double space Double space

Date line Inside address …………………………… ………………………….. Salutation:                ……………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………..                      …………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………….. Complimentary close,                                                  Name                         Title Initial Encl. CC:

Double space 4 lines of space

Fig-09: Semiblock style

4. AMS Simplified style:
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The Administrative Management Society (AMS) has proposed a simplified letter format which is known as AMS simplified letter format. In this format salutations and complementary close are eliminated. Here a subject line (in capital letters) is included in the letter. This format can be depicted as follows:

AMS Letter Style

12 to 14 lines from top of paper 4 to 10 lines below date line Triple space subject line Triple space Double space 4 line of space Double space

Date line Inside address ………………………………… ………………………………… REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL AND …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………                                                         No Complimentary                                Close Name Title Initials Encl. CC.

Fig- 10: AMS Simplified Style

These are the most popular letter formats which are widely used in the business world.

Related Post Link:

http://businessforcommunication.blogspot.com/2011/09/advantages-and-disadvantages-of.html

advantages and disadvantages of interviews, Define interview

Define interview,What are the objectives of an interview?

Briefly discuss advantages and disadvantages of interviews

Define interview. What are the objectives of an interview?

Interview is a systematic oral technique for obtaining data, directly from an individual. It is a conversation between two or more people, through which information are collected on a particular subject.

In the words of Dr. S. M. Amunuzzaman, “interview is a very systematic method hy which a person enters deeply into the life of even a stranger and can bring out needed information and data for the research purpose.

Thill and Bovee said that, “ an interview is any planed conversation with a specific purpose involving two or more people”.

Thus it can be stated that interview is an organized or planed conversation with a view to explore the unknown information from the interviewee.

Objectives of interview:
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1. To collect information
2. To assess human behavior
3. To help research work.
4. To explore the unknown forces acting behind a problem.
5. To formulate hypothesis.
6. To help project evaluation.

Advantages and disadvantages of interview.

Interview is a very effective means to reveal the truth. In business interview is not only used for selecting appropriate candidates, rather it is also used for market survey, for investigation of any problem or to evaluate the satisfaction level of consumers.

The major advantages on interview are as follows:

1. To collect information:
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Interview is a useful tool to collect unknown information on a specific subject.

2. Explore causes behind the problem:
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In business, executives need to solve different types of problems. To explore or to find out the actual reasons behind the problem interview method can be used.

3. In depth analysis:
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Through planed interviews detailed information can be collected which enables proper analysis of a problem.

4. Analysis of abstract factors:
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Abstract factors like attitudes, feelings, opinion, etc. can be successfully evaluated or analyzed through interview.

5. Study of historical matters:
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A historical matter can be studied by interviewing eye-witnesses and observers.

6. Solving labor problems:
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Labor unrest and other disputes are very common in industries. Sometimes human resource managers use interview as a means of revealing actual causes behind the labor deputes.

7. Flexible:
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One of the major advantages of interview is flexibility. That is depending on the situation it can be framed differently.

8. Cross checking:
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To find the fact, cross checking questions can be included in an interview.

9. Reliable:
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Interview is a direct method for collecting data in which personal barriers are eliminated. As a result findings of an interview are reliable.

10. Project evaluation:
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Feasibility, economic viability and other aspects of a new project can be evaluated through interview.

Disadvantages/Demerits/Limitations of interview:

1. Biases of interviewer:
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Always there is a possibility that interview process can be influenced by the biases of the interviewer.

2. Time consuming:
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Preparation for the interview, taking interview and interpretation of the responses required much time which make the interview method time consuming.

3. Costly:
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Generally interview method is expensive.

4. Inefficiency of the interviewer:
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Interview is a systematic process of data collection. Success of an interview depends on the efficiency of the interviewer. Thus inefficiency of an interviewer can lead to misleading results.

5. Not suitable for personal matters:
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Personal matters may not be revealed by interview method.

Related Post Link:

http://businessforcommunication.blogspot.com/2011/09/importance-of-communication-in.html